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Lithium-ion batteries are essential for powering various devices, ranging from smartphones and laptops to electric vehicles and renewable energy systems, thanks to their compact size, high energy density and rechargeability. However, they also pose a significant risk in their susceptibility to overheating, fires and explosions if they are damaged or mishandled. Thermal runaway, which refers to the rapid and uncontrolled release of heat energy from a battery cell, can often trigger severe battery fires. So how do you protect these applications?